Scales of Measurement - Statistics
5 likes3,963 views
Psychologist Stanley Smith Stevens (1946) developed the best-known classification with four levels, or scales of measurement such as Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio. This presentation slide describes the four-level of scales with illustrations.
More Related Content
What's hot (20)
Similar to Scales of Measurement - Statistics (20)
More from Thiyagu K (20)
Recently uploaded (20)
Scales of Measurement - Statistics
- 1. Scales of Measurement Nominal, Ordinal, Interval & Ratio K.THIYAGU, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod - 671 123, Kerala, India.
- 2. SCALES OF MEASUREMENT ❑ Nominal scale ❑ Ordinal scale ❑ Interval scale ❑ Ratio scale Psychologist Stanley Smith Stevens (1946) developed the best-known classification with four levels, or scales of measurement 2
- 4. Measurement Scale SCALE MAGNITUDE EQUAL INTERVALS ABSOLUTE ZERO NOMINAL X X X ORDINAL X X INTERVAL X RATIO 4
- 5. Nominal Scale ❑ Simple classification of objects or items into discrete groups. ❑ Eg. Naming of streets, naming of persons and cars 5
- 6. Nominal scales are used for labeling variables, without any quantitative value. “Nominal” scales could simply be called “labels.” A good way to remember all of this is that “nominal” sounds a lot like “name” Nominal scales are kind of like “names” or labels. At this level, we cannot perform any quantitative mathematical operations, such as addition or division. These would not make any sense. Nominal Scale 6
- 7. Ordinal Scale ❖ Scale involving ranking of objects, persons, traits, or abilities without regard to equality of difference. ❖ Eg. Line up the students of a class according to height or merits. 7
- 8. Ordinal scales are typically measures of non-numeric concepts like satisfaction, happiness, discomfort, etc. With ordinal scales, the order of the values is what’s important and significant, but the differences between each one is not really known. Ordinal” is easy to remember because is sounds like “order” Ordinal Scale 8
- 9. Interval Scale ❑ Interval scales are also called equal unit scales. ❑ Scale having equal difference between successive categories ❑ Eg. Intelligence scores, personality scores 9
- 10. Interval scales are numeric scales in which we know both the order and the exact differences between the values. At Interval level, we will have meaningful differences between values. At the interval level, we have addition and subtraction to work with. With interval data, we can add and subtract, but cannot multiply or divide. Interval Scale 10
- 11. Ratio Scale ❑ Scale having an absolute zero, magnitude and equal intervals ❑ Eg. Height , weight, number of students in various class 11
- 12. Good examples of ratio variables include height and weight. Ratio scales provide a wealth of possibilities when it comes to statistical analysis. These variables can be meaningfully added, subtracted, multiplied, divided (ratios). Ratio Scale 12
- 16. SCALE Typical statistics Descriptive Inferential Nominal Percentage, mode Chi-square, Binomial test Ordinal Median Rank order correlation Interval Mean, range, standard déviation Product moment correlation, t-test, Factor Analysis Ratio Geometric mean Coefficient of variation 16