Statistics in Education
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This document discusses statistics and its importance in education. It defines statistics as the collection, organization, analysis, and presentation of numerical data. Statistics helps simplify complex data, classify information, enable comparisons, and study relationships. It also helps formulate and test hypotheses, draw rational conclusions, and indicate trends. In education, statistics allows teachers to accurately describe information, think definitively, summarize results meaningfully, draw general conclusions, predict student performance, and analyze causal factors behind complex events.
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Contents
What is research
What is proposal
Definition of research proposal
Types of research proposal
Importance of research proposal
Advantages of research proposal
Relationship of research proposal with research
Component of research proposal
1-title
2-introduction
3-statement of the problem
4-review of related literature
5-Hypothesis
6-purpose /objective of study
7- work plane
8-Method, research design, sample.
9-Refrences
common error in research proposal
Evaluation of research proposal
What is research?
The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.
What is proposal?
A plan or suggestion, especially a formal or written one, put forward for consideration by others.
A research proposal “is a document that outlines how you propose to undertake your research studies” (Mouton 2001:p.44).
Definition of research proposal
A research proposal is a document written by a researcher that provides a detailed description of the proposed program,
It is like an outline of the entire research process that gives a reader a summary of the information discussed in a project.
Importance of research proposal
Helps examine what the researcher intends to do.
Research proposal can serve as a document of contract for the project.
Research proposals can be effective starting places to discuss projects with your professors, too.
The research proposal is able to give an overview of the research project so that other people understand the scope of the research, the significance of the research, as well as your proposed methodology and chosen research method.
Advantages of research proposal
Fund to support your research
Allow you to review and critically evaluate your current research program
Convince yourself and others that your research is worth supporting
Keep you focused on your research program
Develop novel ideas during writing proposal.
Relationship of research proposal with research
Research proposal is a plan, and research is action.
Research proposal is compulsory for approving proposed research.
Research proposal is a schedule and research is activity.
Research proposal is a mirror of research
Research proposal is a blue print of research.
Research proposal can serve as a document of contract for the project.
Types of research proposal
There are two major types of research proposal;
Academic:
• An academic proposal is the first step in producing a thesis or major project. Its intent is to convince a supervisor or academic committee that your topic and approach are sound,
Non-academ
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According to Mouly, -
Educational Research is the systematic application of scientific method for solving educational problem.
Travers thinks, -
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- 1. Suresh Babu G Statistics in Education Suresh Babu G Assistant Professor CTE CPAS Paippad, Kottayam
- 2. Suresh Babu G Statistics Statistics is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation of data. In our daily language word statistics is used in two distinct senses: In Plural Sense Statistics means “numerical facts systematically collected” In singular sense statistics means the “ science of collection, classification and using statistics or statistical fact”
- 3. Suresh Babu G Definition of Statistics Webster : “ Statistics are the classified facts representing the conditions of the people in a state especially those facts which can be stated in numbers or in tables of numbers of in any tabular or classified arrangements”. A.L.Bowley : “Statistics are numerical statements of facts in any department of enquiry placed in relation to each other”.
- 4. Suresh Babu G Functions of Statistics It helps in collecting and presentation the data in a systematic manner. It helps to understand unwisely and complex data by simplifying it. It helps to classify the data. It provides basis and techniques for making comparison. It helps to study the relationship between different phenomena. It helps to indicate the trend of behaviour. It helps in formulate the hypothesis and test it. It helps to draw rational conclusions.
- 5. Suresh Babu G Need and Importance of Statistics in Education 1. It helps the teacher to provide the most exact type of description. 2. It makes the teacher definite and exact in procedures and thinking. 3. It enables the teacher to summarize the results in a meaningful and convenient form. 4. It enables the teacher to draw general conclusions. 5. It helps the teacher to predict the future performance of the pupils. 6. Statistics enables the teacher to analyze some of the causal factors underlying complex and otherwise be-wildering (confusing) events