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Chapter 1 – The Nature of
Probability and Statistics
1-1: Introduction
 Statistics: The science of conducting studies to
collect, organize, summarize, analyze and draw
conclusions from data.
1-1: Introduction
Why do people study statistics?
1-2: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
 variable: a characteristic or attribute that can
assume different values
 data: the values (measurements or
observations) that the variables can assume
 random variables: variables whose values
are determined by chance
1-2: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
 Data Set: Collection of data values.
 Data Value or Datum: Each piece of
information in a set.
1-2: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics,
cont’d
 Descriptive Statistics: Consists of the
collection, organization, summarization, and
presentation of data.
 Probability: The chance of an event
occurring.
 Population: Consists of all subjects (human
or otherwise) that are being studied.
1-2: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics,
cont’d
 Sample: A group of subjects selected from a
population.
 Hypothesis Testing: An area of inferential
statistics which is a process for evaluating claims
about a population, based on information
obtained from samples.
 Inferential Statistics: Consists of generalizing
from samples to populations, performing
estimations and hypothesis tests, determining
relationships among variables, and making
predictions.
1-2: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics,
cont’d
Assignment: p.5-6, Applying the Concepts, #1-6
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1.1-1.2 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

  • 1. Chapter 1 – The Nature of Probability and Statistics
  • 2. 1-1: Introduction  Statistics: The science of conducting studies to collect, organize, summarize, analyze and draw conclusions from data.
  • 3. 1-1: Introduction Why do people study statistics?
  • 4. 1-2: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics  variable: a characteristic or attribute that can assume different values  data: the values (measurements or observations) that the variables can assume  random variables: variables whose values are determined by chance
  • 5. 1-2: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics  Data Set: Collection of data values.  Data Value or Datum: Each piece of information in a set.
  • 6. 1-2: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics, cont’d  Descriptive Statistics: Consists of the collection, organization, summarization, and presentation of data.  Probability: The chance of an event occurring.  Population: Consists of all subjects (human or otherwise) that are being studied.
  • 7. 1-2: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics, cont’d  Sample: A group of subjects selected from a population.  Hypothesis Testing: An area of inferential statistics which is a process for evaluating claims about a population, based on information obtained from samples.  Inferential Statistics: Consists of generalizing from samples to populations, performing estimations and hypothesis tests, determining relationships among variables, and making predictions.
  • 8. 1-2: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics, cont’d Assignment: p.5-6, Applying the Concepts, #1-6