Types of Statistics Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
Download as PPTX, PDF7 likes3,059 views
The document presents an overview of statistics, defining it as a set of mathematical procedures for organizing, summarizing, and interpreting data. It distinguishes between two main types of statistics: descriptive statistics, which describe a data set without generalization, and inferential statistics, which make predictions or inferences about a population based on a sample. Additionally, it elaborates on the methods of representing descriptive statistics through numerical and pictorial means.
Types of Statistics Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
- 1. FACULTY OF EDUCATION OLD CAMPUS HYDERABAD ELSA QAZI CAMPUS UNIVERSITY OF SINDH NAME:BUSHRA SATTAR B.ED 2.5 morning Roll.11 Topic: Types of statistics Assigned BY:DR. AMJAD ALI ARAIN
- 2. CONTENT • Definition of statistics • Types of statistics 1. Descriptive statistics 2. Inferential statistics
- 3. Definition of statistics: • The term statistics refers to a set of mathematical procedures for organizing summarizing, and interpreting information. • Many studies generate large numbers of data points, and to make sense of all that data, researchers use statistics that Summarize the data, providing a better understanding of overall tendencies within the distributions of scores. • There are two types of statistics • Descriptive statistics • Inferential statistics
- 4. Definition of descriptive statistics: • Descriptive statistics are only used to explain a data set of the population that is being studied.it can not be extrapolated or generalized to any other population or group . This is one main way that descriptive statistics from inferential statistics. • Descriptive statistics deals with the presentation and the collection of the data. This is usually not as simple as it sound, and the statistician needs to be aware of designing experiments, choosing the right focus group and avoid biases that are so easy to creep into the experiment.
- 5. Two ways of representing descriptive statistics: • Numerical statistics • Pictorial statistics Numerical statistics: Numerical statistics are numbers, but clearly, some numbers are more meaningful than others. For example: If you are offered a purchase price $1 for an auto mobile on the condition that you also buy a second auto mobile would be a major consideration (its price could be $1,000,000 or only $1,000), and thus, average-or-mean- of the two prices would be the important statistic.
- 6. Pictorial statistics: Taking numerical data and presenting it in picture or graphs is what is known as pictorial statistics. Showing data in the form of a graphic can make complex and confusing information appear more simple and straightforward. DEFICITION OF INFERENTIAL STATISTICS: Inferential statistics makes inferences and predications about population based on a sample of data taken from the population in question. Inferential statics is a decision, estimate, predication, or generalization about a population, based on sample. A population is a collection of all possible individual, objects, or measurements of interest. A sample is a portion ,or part, of population of interest.
- 7. CONT… With inferential statistics, we are trying to reach conclusion that extend beyond the immediate data alone. For instance , we use inferential statistics to try to infer from the sample data what the population might think. Or, we use inferential statistics to make judgments of probability that an observed difference between groups is a dependable one or one that might have happened by chance in this study . Thus, we use inferential statistics to make inferences from our data to more general conditions, we use descriptive statistics simply to describe what's going on in our data .
- 8. Comparison between Descriptive statistics and Inferential statistic:
- 9. THANK YOU